The rise of cow vigilante groups, particularly those associated with Hindutva extremism, has unleashed a wave of violence against the Muslim community across India. Despite Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s public condemnation of these acts, the attacks continue unabated. Investigations reveal that individuals and organizations aligned with extremist groups are offering monetary rewards—ranging from ₹50,000 to ₹1 lakh—to those involved in violent attacks on minorities under the guise of cow protection. These vigilantes are provided with financial and legal support, encouraging them to view their actions as a “holy war” rather than criminal violence. Families of the perpetrators are even treated with sweets and further incentivized for these acts of brutality.

List of incidents of cow vigilante violence in India since 2002

Several state governments, notably Haryana and Madhya Pradesh, have come under scrutiny for failing to take stringent action against these vigilantes. Their inaction has fostered an environment where violence is normalized, as authorities refrain from arresting or prosecuting those responsible. Many of the perpetrators belong to undereducated and unemployed segments of society, easily lured by the promise of quick money in exchange for their participation in these heinous acts.

Since 2000, incidents of cow vigilantism have dramatically increased. A detailed investigation reveals a disturbing pattern, with multiple instances of mob lynching, beatings, and public humiliation. Reports indicate that media coverage of these acts often downplays the severity, while legal systems drag their feet in delivering justice. If the roles were reversed, and such violence was committed by members of another community, it would be immediately labeled terrorism by the media. However, because these violent acts are carried out by Hindutva extremists, they receive tacit support from officials and media personnel who silently condone their actions.

Cow Vigilantism in India: A Threat to Social Harmony and Rule of Law

Between 2002 and 2023, hundreds of cow vigilante attacks have been recorded in India, resulting in deaths and injuries, with no significant governmental intervention to curb this menace. The question arises: why is the government silent on such organized violence? Why are those who incite and carry out these attacks not held accountable?